重載汽車后驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)
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- 重載汽車后驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)
目 錄
摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1 引言 1
2 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)方案分析 1
3 主減速器設(shè)計(jì) 4
3.1 主減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 4
3.1.1 主減速器的齒輪類型 4
3.1.2 主減速器的減速形式 4
3.1.3 主減速器主，從動(dòng)錐齒輪的支承形式 4
3.2 主減速器的基本參數(shù)選擇與設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 5
3.2.1 主減速器計(jì)算載荷的確定 5
3.2.2 主減速器基本參數(shù)的選擇 7
3.2.3 主減速器圓弧錐齒輪的幾何尺寸計(jì)算 9
3.2.4 主減速器圓弧錐齒輪的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 11
3.2.5 主減速器齒輪的材料及熱處理 17
3.2.6 主減速器軸承的計(jì)算 17
4 差速器設(shè)計(jì) 23
4.1 對(duì)稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的差速原理 23
4.2 對(duì)稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的結(jié)構(gòu) 24
4.3 對(duì)稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的設(shè)計(jì) 25
4.3.1 差速器齒輪的基本參數(shù)的選擇 25
4.3.2 差速器齒輪的幾何計(jì)算 27
4.3.3 差速器齒輪的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 29
5 驅(qū)動(dòng)半軸的設(shè)計(jì) 30
5.1 全浮式半軸計(jì)算載荷的確定 31
5.2 全浮式半軸的桿部直徑的初選 32
5.3 全浮式半軸的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 32
5.4 半軸花鍵的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 32
6 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼的設(shè)計(jì) 33
6.1 鑄造整體式橋殼的結(jié)構(gòu) 34
6.2 橋殼的強(qiáng)度校核 35
結(jié) 論 36
參考文獻(xiàn) 37
致 謝 38
附 錄 英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯 39
重載汽車后驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)
摘要
驅(qū)動(dòng)橋作為汽車四大總成之一，它的性能的好壞直接影響整車性能，而對(duì)于載重汽車顯得尤為重要。當(dāng)采用大功率發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)輸出大的轉(zhuǎn)矩以滿足目前載重汽車的快速、重載的高效率、高效益的需要時(shí)，必須要搭配一個(gè)高效、可靠的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋一般由主減速器、差速器、車輪傳動(dòng)裝置和驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼等組成。所以采用傳動(dòng)效率高的單級(jí)減速驅(qū)動(dòng)橋已成為未來重載汽車的發(fā)展方向。
本文參照傳統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的設(shè)計(jì)方法進(jìn)行了載重汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的設(shè)計(jì)。本文首先確定主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和主要設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)；然后參考類似驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的結(jié)構(gòu)，確定出總體設(shè)計(jì)方案；最后對(duì)主，從動(dòng)錐齒輪，差速器圓錐行星齒輪，半軸齒輪，全浮式半軸和整體式橋殼的強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行校核以及對(duì)支承軸承進(jìn)行了壽命校核。
本設(shè)計(jì)具有以下的優(yōu)點(diǎn)：由于的是采用中央單級(jí)減速驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，使得整個(gè)后橋的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，制造工藝簡單，從而大大的降低了制造成本。并且，弧齒錐齒輪的單級(jí)主減速器提高了后橋的傳動(dòng)效率，提高了傳動(dòng)的可行性。
關(guān)鍵字：驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，主減速器，差速器，半軸，橋殼
The Designing of Heavy Truck Rear Drive Axles
Abstract
The driving axle takes automobile one of four big units, its performance quality immediate influence complete bikes performance, but appears regarding the truck especially important. When uses the uprated engine to output the big torque satisfies the present truck fast, the heavy load high efficiency, the high benefit need, must match one highly effective, the reliable driving axle. The driving axle generally by the final drive, the differential, the wheel transmission device and the driving axle housing and so on is composed. Will therefore use the transmission efficiency high single stage deceleration driving axle to become in the future the heavy load automobile's development direction.
This article referred to the traditional driving axle's design method to carryon the truck driving axle's design. This article first determines major component's structure pattern and the main design variable; Then the reference similar driving axle's structure, determines the overall project design; Finally to the host,the driven bevel gear, the differential device circular cone planet gear, the rear axle shaft gear, full-floating axle shaft and the banjo housing's intensity carried on the examination as well as has carried on the life examination to the supporting bearing.
This design has the following merit: What because uses the central single stage deceleration driving axle, causes the entire rear axle of car the structure to be simple, the fabrication technology is simple, thus big reduced the production cost. And, the arc cusp gear's single stage main gear box raised the rear axle of car transmission efficiency, enhanced the transmission feasibility.
key words: Driving axle，final drive，differential，axle shaft，axle housing
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